\log
The initial iteration of the documentation section of this file was
developed by Rick Ingersoll on 11-15 February 1994. The file was
put under sccs control on 15 February 1994.[RCI 15 February 1994]
Semi-quantitative observations from the data collection forms were
incorporated into the data section on 16 February 1994.[RCI 16
February 1994] Comments provided by Terry Theodose were incorporated
into the documentation section on 23 February 1994.[RCI 23
February 1994] Data for 1994 were appended on 30 August 1994.
[RCI 30 August 1994] The plot code for WCC1 was incorrectly listed
twice for 07/31/91. It was determined that the second listing was
actually data for WCC2 and this was corrected on 8 September 1994.
[RCI 8 September 1994] Fertilization plot locations surveyed by Tim
Bardsley and Mike Hartman on 13 July and 7 September 1994 were
added to the comments section on 13 September 1994.[RCI 13 September
1994] In January 1995, Terry Theodose identified some problems with
a portion of the data contained in this file. TT met with Rick
Ingersoll in early June 1995 and pointed out that number of species
present was exceedingly high for many of the 1991-92 dry meadow
surveys. Subsequently, it was discovered that because of the varied
personnel involved in collecting the five years of data, in
combination with a variety of hard-copy data and EasyEntry data
entry forms, some of the species which were neither "hit" nor
observed as being present were entered as 000 (rather than 999)
"hits". Thus, for a subset of these data, all of the species
listed on the hard-copy data forms were considered as being
present. The raw EasyEntry files were corrected (all 000 hits
converted to 999 hits) and the raw data were reprocessed. The entire
data section was deleted and replaced with the newly processed
1990-94 data on 13 June 1995.[RCI 13 June 1995] Comments regarding
discrepancies between "number of species" in this file and
"number of species" hand written on the tops of the hard-copy
field data forms were added to the comments section on 13 July
1995.[RCI 13 July 1995] Data for the 1995 field season were
appended to the data section on 23 January 1996.[MAH 23 January
1996] Investigator contact information for William Bowman was
added on 6 May 1996.[MAH 6 May 1996] Data for the 1996 field season
were appended to the data section on 27 August 1996.[MAH 27 August
1996] On 3 March 1998 it was realized that a duplicate set of data
for plot DCC5 from 1996 were listed in place of the data for plot
DCC1 from 1996. The erroneous records were replaced with the correct
records on that date.[MAH 3 March 1998] Dry meadow data for 1998 were
appended to the data section and a comment concerning the absence of
1997 data was inserted into the comments section on 13 September
2000.[MAH 13 September 2000] Dry meadow data for 2000 were appended
to the data section and comment was added to the comments section
that data for 1999 is not present due to misplaced
datasheets.[TMA 27 February 2001]
\doc
TITLE. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on alpine plant
species composition: Summary data.
ABSTRACT. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus
fertilization on alpine plant species composition in a dry and a wet
meadow community were examined. A point-quadrat system was used to
estimate the cover frequencies for each species in plots in the 2
communities on the south slope of Niwot Ridge. Treatments were N, P,
N+P, and control. Observations were made once per year per plot over
a period of several years. Diversity (Shannon-Weaver) indices were
also calculated.
INVESTIGATOR. Terry Theodose & William D. Bowman, EPOB, CB 334,
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, (303) 492-2557
or 492-8841, bowman@spot.colorado.edu.
VARIABLES. Shannon-Weaver Index.
KEYWORDS. species composition, species diversity, fertilization, plant species composition, disturbance, populations.
LOCATION. The study plots were located just south of the Niwot Ridge
Saddle, in the City of Boulder Watershed. Original data are stored
in Ramaley Hall (Room 395A).
TIMING. begin 1990, ongoing, once per year per plot.
CITATIONS.
COMMENTS. These data were manually entered into the computer from
field data sheets using an EasyEntry program. See "The Management of
NWT LTER Data on the PC" for additional details. The resultant files
were post-processed on a Sun SPARC 2 and archived. See "The
Management of NWT LTER Data on culter" for more information.
Plot codes consist of 4 characters: The initial character indicates
whether the plot was dry (D) or wet (W) meadow, the middle 2
characters represent the treatment [control (CC), nitrogen
fertilization (NN), phosphorus fertilization (PP), and
nitrogen+phosphorus fertilization (NP)], and the final character
represents the plot number.
Tim Bardsley and Mike Hartman conducted a rudimentary survey of the wet
meadow plots on 13 July 1994 in order to reference the plots to
established objects/points on Niwot Ridge. A Silva Ranger compass was
used with E declination set at 12 degrees; the accuracy of the bearings
is +/- 3 degrees. All distances were measured across the ground surface
(not at a fixed horizontal level); such distances are accurate to +/- 2%.
The bearing from the northwest corner of the c1 wet meadow plot to the
centerline of the wind turbine was 202 degrees. Thus, the bearing from
the centerline of the wind turbine to the northwest corner of the c1 wet
meadow plot was 22 degrees. The distance form the northwest corner of
the c1 wet meadow plot to the southwest corner of the base of the wind
turbine was 278.2 meters. A crude map of the relationships among the
dry meadow plots was provided by Bill Bowman and that map is on file
with the LTER data manager. Plot n1 was oriented west and south of c1.
Plot np1 was approximately due south of c1. The following plots were
approximately due west of np1 (with the most proximal listed first):
np2, p1, c2, p2, c3, p3, c4, np4, and c5. The bearing from the northwest
corner of c1 to the northwest corner of c5 was 309 degrees. South of
this row, and oriented approximately from west to east were plots n2,
n3, np5, np4, n4, np3, n5, and p5. The plots n2, n5, and p5 were
slightly out of line with the other plots in the row; the bearings from
the northwest corner of c1 to the northwest corner of these plots were
292, 249, and 239 degrees, respectively. Note that a band of willows
(approximately L-shaped) separates plots n5 and p5 from c2, p1, and np2.
The distances (meters) reported below are between the northwest corner
of c1 and the northwest corner of the given plot:
n1,3.55
np1,3.27
np2,6.19
p1,8.51
c2,12.65
p2,15.59
c3,18.84
p3,22.75
c4,24.89
p4,27.09
c5,29.55
n2,32.39
n3,28.45
np5,26.20
np4,23.63
n4,19.95
np3,15.55
n5,15.00
p5,16.75
Tim Bardsley and Mike Hartman conducted a rudimentary survey of the
dry meadow plots on 7 September 1994. A less sophisticated compass
was used for this survey and, consequently, all bearings reported
below are for magnetic, not true, north; a declination of 11.5
degrees should be added to the former to convert to the latter.
The bearing from the northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to
the centerline of the wind turbine was 345 degrees. Thus, the
bearing from the centerline of the wind turbine to the northeast
corner of the c1 dry meadow plot was 165 degrees. The distance from
the northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to the southwest
corner of the base of the wind turbine was 231.0 meters. The bearings
(degrees) and distances (meters) reported below are from the
northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to the northeast corner of
the given plot:
np1,259,3.37
p1,178,3.12
n1,209,6.90
np2,192,10.46
p2,212,10.83
c2,222,12.20
n2,239,13.58
n3,232,17.41
np3,246,19.26
c3,199,31.47
p3,211,31.62
c4,214,32.50
np4,221,33.41
p4,228,34.60
c5,232,36.48
n4,234,39.07
p5,206,35.55
n5,207,37.74
np5,205,39.20
Note that the plot code nomenclature used in the surveys is slightly
different than the plot code nomenclature used elsewhere in this
file. The code DNN5, for example, would be equivalent to n5 in the
second of the 2 listings above.
Species codes are 6-character codes comprised of the first 3
characters of the of the genus and the first 3 characters of the
specific name. An expanded list of all species codes used on Niwot
Ridge can be found at:
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?pspecies.mw
Graminoid, forb, and woody species observed in a plot were included
for the purposes of Shannon-Weaver Index calculations, regardless
of whether or not those species were identified by the point quadrat
technique. Non-graminoids, non-forbs, and non-woody species
(e.g., SELDEN (Selaginella densa)) and non-plant hits
(e.g., BAREEE (bare soil)) were included in the percent cover
calculations but were not used in the Shannon-Weaver Index
calculations.
Semi-quantitative observations made during data collection are
recorded with the appropriate plot in the data section.
During mid-June 1995, a comparison was made between the "number of
species" hand written on top of the hard-copy field data forms
and the "number of species" calculated for this file. This was
done for approximately 20% of the records in this file. Of the
examined records, there was agreement between the two sources for
22.5% of the records. For 70% of the examined records, the number
of species on the hard-copy forms was 1-2 greater than those
contained in the current file. Careful examination showed that
this was due, in most cases, to incorrectly including the BAREEE
or SELDEN hits as a "species" in the hand written tally. For the
remaining 5% of the examined records, the number of species on the
hard-copy forms was 1-2 less than those contained in the current
file. This was due to incorrectly considering MINBIF and MINOBT as
separate species and UNKNOW as a distinct species in the entry
and/or processing of the data in the current file. There was a
single case (2.5% of the examined records) where a species total
in the current file was 1 less than the tally on the hard-copy
form because a "presence" category had been overlooked by data
entry personnel. Terry Theodose concluded that the basic trends
and conclusions resulting from independent evaluation of "number
of species" from the two sources would be insignificant and that
correction of the few minor errors in the current file was not of
an immediate priority. Nonetheless, NWT LTER data management
personnel might obtain copies of the hard-copy data forms from
Bill Bowman in the future for the purposes of resolving those
errors.
Data for 1997 were collected using drastically different methods than
the data in this file, and are therefore not included.
Raw data, including hit totals and percent cover for each species,
can be found at
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?fertcovr.tt
Datasheets were not present for 1999 season.
\type
statistical
\header
COL1. label=date (mm/dd/yy), type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL2. label=plot code, type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL3. label=number of hits used for percent cover calculations,
type=integer, units=none, missing value indicator=, minimum=001,
maximum=, precision=
COL4. label=number of species, type=integer, units=none, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL5. label=number of hits used for Shannon-Weaver calculation,
type=integer, units=none, missing value indicator=, minimum=001,
maximum=, precision=
COL6. label=Shannon-Weaver Index, type=real, units=none, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
{*********************************************************************
If the data section below contains no data then you will need to
obtain permission from the investigator listed in the documentation
section of this file. If you have obtained permission or if the data
are already contained in this file, include the following
acknowledgment (in addition to an acknowledgment of the investigator)
in any published use of these data: "Logistical support
and/or data were provided by the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological
Research project (NSF DEB 0423662) and the Mountain Research Station
(BIR 9115097)." Please send 4 reprints or high-quality copies of any
such publications to Todd Ackerman, NWT LTER data manager,
INSTAAR, CB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450.
The data contained in these files have many sources. Generally,
data collected prior to 1993 would have been subjected to quality
control standards imposed by the investigator. Data after 1992
were likely to have been manually entered and/or processed in the
NWT LTER central data management laboratory. Detailed information
on the quality control protocols and programs associated with any
data routed through the NWT LTER data management laboratory will
be supplied upon request. The user of these data should be aware
that, while efforts have been taken to ensure that these data are
of the highest quality, there is no guarantee of perfection for
the data contained herein and the possibility of errors exists.
If you encounter questionable data, please contact the NWT LTER
data manager (todda@culter.colorado.edu; (303) 492-4771) so that
the data can be corrected or qualified. Thus, these data should
be considered dynamic in that past data may be modified and future
data will be appended.
******************************************************************}
\data
07/03/90,DCC1,119,12,107,1.2059
07/09/90,WCC1,151,8,144,0.9805
07/05/90,DCC2,159,14,142,1.5726
07/09/90,WCC2,163,10,148,1.5201
07/05/90,DCC3,127,15,93,1.4353
07/09/90,WCC3,158,11,141,1.7353
07/05/90,DCC4,148,10,123,1.4107
07/09/90,WCC4,165,11,154,1.7821
07/05/90,DCC5,153,19,134,1.9222
07/09/90,WCC5,143,12,130,1.6932
07/05/90,DNN1,134,13,123,1.2129
07/09/90,WNN1,146,10,135,1.0430
07/05/90,DNN2,131,19,114,1.9106
07/09/90,WNN2,172,9,159,1.8546
07/05/90,DNN3,146,13,123,1.6223
07/09/90,WNN3,168,11,157,1.8146
07/05/90,DNN4,120,17,97,1.7759
07/09/90,WNN4,152,9,142,1.6367
07/05/90,DNN5,139,14,110,1.4548
07/09/90,WNN5,144,15,129,1.6219
07/03/90,DNP1,140,18,116,1.3450
07/09/90,WNP1,127,7,121,0.7790
07/05/90,DNP2,150,17,127,1.9457
07/09/90,WNP2,142,14,136,1.4888
07/05/90,DNP3,148,13,133,1.3782
07/09/90,WNP3,160,15,144,1.9557
07/05/90,DNP4,128,14,81,1.5516
07/09/90,WNP4,157,12,143,1.9031
07/05/90,DNP5,173,16,156,1.5492
07/09/90,WNP5,161,12,152,1.7533
07/05/90,DPP1,124,15,102,1.3590
07/09/90,WPP1,147,11,133,1.3926
07/05/90,DPP2,141,15,125,1.5842
07/09/90,WPP2,165,13,154,2.0373
07/05/90,DPP3,139,13,107,1.6702
07/09/90,WPP3,150,11,132,1.9598
07/05/90,DPP4,136,15,105,1.7415
07/09/90,WPP4,163,12,152,1.7835
07/05/90,DPP5,152,14,136,1.4505
07/09/90,WPP5,142,11,121,1.3281
07/02/91,DCC1,139,17,116,1.6551
07/31/91,WCC1,109,14,107,1.8315
07/09/91,DCC2,202,18,198,2.0564
07/31/91,WCC2,213,11,212,1.6472
07/10/91,DCC3,155,20,131,1.7784
08/01/91,WCC3,218,16,217,1.9633
07/12/91,DCC4,167,17,152,2.0352
08/02/91,WCC4,207,16,206,2.0372
07/14/91,DCC5,178,21,171,2.1916
08/02/91,WCC5,181,15,183,1.9199
07/09/91,DNN1,216,19,214,1.9917
07/31/91,WNN1,196,13,199,1.6226
07/10/91,DNN2,214,21,209,2.2100
08/06/91,WNN2,243,12,242,1.9492
07/10/91,DNN3,178,18,172,1.6976
08/02/91,WNN3,222,16,224,2.0314
07/14/91,DNN4,190,23,175,2.1718
08/02/91,WNN4,232,15,231,1.9813
07/16/91,DNN5,167,19,160,1.8006
08/07/91,WNN5,191,13,190,1.7454
07/02/91,DNP1,182,22,177,2.2748
07/31/91,WNP1,133,12,134,1.5253
07/09/91,DNP2,252,25,251,2.4331
07/31/91,WNP2,187,18,188,1.8582
07/10/91,DNP3,229,24,229,2.2150
08/06/91,WNP3,246,17,247,2.0913
07/12/91,DNP4,258,24,235,2.5878
08/06/91,WNP4,272,16,274,2.1729
07/16/91,DNP5,201,28,191,2.5163
08/06/91,WNP5,207,14,209,1.9722
07/08/91,DPP1,159,17,145,1.5783
08/01/91,WPP1,195,19,196,1.7039
07/09/91,DPP2,178,21,173,2.0400
08/01/91,WPP2,289,19,290,2.2903
07/12/91,DPP3,159,19,145,2.0406
08/02/91,WPP3,240,18,246,2.1174
07/14/91,DPP4,213,23,197,2.2778
08/02/91,WPP4,218,14,218,2.0295
07/16/91,DPP5,164,19,158,1.9076
08/07/91,WPP5,178,16,175,1.7344
07/09/92,DCC1,166,21,156,1.7129
07/28/92,WCC1,150,11,149,1.3213 {a lot of Caltha seedlings}
07/10/92,DCC2,194,21,190,2.0699
07/28/92,WCC2,215,15,216,1.7819
07/13/92,DCC3,156,23,142,2.0259
07/28/92,WCC3,199,16,200,1.8551
07/14/92,DCC4,166,23,164,2.0570
07/29/92,WCC4,223,16,222,1.8474
07/14/92,DCC5,217,29,214,2.3136
07/29/92,WCC5,173,12,173,1.4886
07/10/92,DNN1,202,24,202,2.2057 {Trifolium didn't look as good as in
DPP1; Poa arctica not as far along as in DNP1 plot; Mertensia
senescing}
07/28/92,WNN1,147,13,147,1.5714
07/10/92,DNN2,233,28,237,2.3912 {Carex rupestris large & healthy}
08/03/92,WNN2,200,15,201,1.7284
07/13/92,DNN3,188,27,196,2.1438
08/03/92,WNN3,236,14,238,1.6661
07/14/92,DNN4,240,26,239,2.3840
08/03/92,WNN4,275,16,277,1.9699
07/14/92,DNN5,257,25,253,2.1456
08/03/92,WNN5,210,17,209,1.8280
07/09/92,DNP1,245,31,244,2.5276 {grazed}
07/28/92,WNP1,176,10,177,1.2168 {a lot of moss}
07/10/92,DNP2,296,34,296,2.8436 {Sedum big & healthy; Saxifraga leaves
huge; no Androsace flowers or fruits - outshaded?; grazed}
07/28/92,WNP2,147,13,149,1.3655 {herbivory}
07/13/92,DNP3,300,27,302,2.5333 {a lot of Androsace}
08/03/92,WNP3,198,16,196,1.7580 {grazed by elk?; gopher mound in middle}
07/14/92,DNP4,321,31,319,2.6843
08/03/92,WNP4,286,16,287,2.0239 {gopher mound}
07/14/92,DNP5,359,35,356,2.7738
08/03/92,WNP5,219,15,221,1.8468 {Caltha in flower}
07/10/92,DPP1,140,27,131,2.1573 {bistorts had burned leaf tips;
non-mycorrhizal Sedum doing well; Mertensia senescing; many new
little red buds of Sedum emerging throughout plot; Carex rupestris
stunted? and appeared to be dying out; Acomastylis flowers senescing}
07/28/92,WPP1,194,17,196,1.8675 {herbivory}
07/10/92,DPP2,180,26,176,2.3032 {burning of bistort leaves; Sedum
healthy; some grazing}
07/28/92,WPP2,260,18,261,2.2328
07/13/92,DPP3,186,23,181,2.2122 {juicy Sedum; new little Sedum
seedlings; burned bistorts and Kobresia}
07/28/92,WPP3,263,19,265,2.0826
07/14/92,DPP4,189,29,190,2.4730
07/28/92,WPP4,256,16,257,2.0988
07/14/92,DPP5,203,24,200,2.1516
08/03/92,WPP5,195,24,197,2.0173
07/19/93,DCC1,147,26,140,1.9662
07/23/93,WCC1,148,11,145,1.3447
07/22/93,DCC2,185,28,182,2.2480
07/27/93,WCC2,190,14,190,1.6251
07/22/93,DCC3,161,27,148,2.0581
07/27/93,WCC3,165,18,162,2.2096
07/22/93,DCC4,164,25,157,2.1485
07/27/93,WCC4,183,14,182,1.9708
07/23/93,DCC5,161,23,148,2.2672
07/26/93,WCC5,169,13,169,1.7608
07/18/93,DNN1,192,26,188,2.2850
07/27/93,WNN1,148,13,148,1.2931
07/22/93,DNN2,238,31,234,2.5222 {many Poa arctica seedlings}
07/26/93,WNN2,211,13,211,1.9487
07/22/93,DNN3,219,27,218,2.3054 {many grass seedlings}
07/27/93,WNN3,181,13,181,1.6370
07/23/93,DNN4,200,28,197,2.4739
07/27/93,WNN4,219,16,219,1.9524
07/23/93,DNN5,206,27,204,2.4638 {CAMROT healthy}
07/27/93,WNN5,206,14,204,1.7417
07/19/93,DNP1,286,30,286,2.6485 {Deschampsia dying}
07/27/93,WNP1,132,7,131,0.9027
07/20/93,DNP2,238,28,238,2.8021
07/23/93,WNP2,140,11,140,1.1333
07/22/93,DNP3,269,35,269,2.7561
07/23/93,WNP3,168,14,167,1.8440 {gopher disturbance}
07/22/93,DNP4,283,29,282,2.7024
07/26/93,WNP4,205,18,205,1.9499 {Rhodiola showed leaf tip burn}
07/23/93,DNP5,295,34,295,2.8588 {HYMACA etiolated}
07/26/93,WNP5,169,11,168,1.6481 {a lot of healthy RHOINT}
07/18/93,DPP1,183,25,175,2.3326
07/27/93,WPP1,161,11,161,1.3067
07/20/93,DPP2,186,29,181,2.4494
07/27/93,WPP2,197,15,197,2.0959
07/22/93,DPP3,181,27,176,2.4639
07/27/93,WPP3,242,20,242,2.3388
07/23/93,DPP4,182,33,178,2.7085
07/27/93,WPP4,245,16,245,2.1318
07/23/93,DPP5,192,32,186,2.5130 {Campanula healthy}
07/27/93,WPP5,181,16,180,1.7307
07/11/94,DCC1,149,26,145,2.0279
07/28/94,WCC1,151,12,153,1.1234
07/11/94,DCC2,187,19,181,2.0242
07/28/94,WCC2,173,15,175,1.5722
07/12/94,DCC3,151,27,144,2.0308
07/28/94,WCC3,207,19,208,2.2257
07/12/94,DCC4,150,23,151,2.0657
07/28/94,WCC4,184,15,184,2.0261
07/14/94,DCC5,143,20,131,2.0749
07/28/94,WCC5,157,13,158,1.7566
07/11/94,DNN1,182,19,166,2.1547
07/28/94,WNN1,138,13,143,1.2638
07/11/94,DNN2,201,27,195,2.4843
07/28/94,WNN2,215,14,217,1.9849
07/12/94,DNN3,182,19,169,1.9303 {elk urine in this plot?}
07/28/94,WNN3,193,13,193,1.6659
07/14/94,DNN4,197,28,186,2.4590
07/28/94,WNN4,223,16,226,1.9488
07/14/94,DNN5,198,23,197,2.2052
07/29/94,WNN5,217,14,216,1.8374
07/11/94,DNP1,231,27,229,2.6608
07/28/94,WNP1,140,8,141,0.9257
07/11/94,DNP2,205,22,192,2.4511 {gopher invaded; 4 mound hits}
07/28/94,WNP2,121,12,125,1.0150
07/12/94,DNP3,221,27,207,2.7487 {deer scat present}
07/28/94,WNP3,137,15,135,1.2614
07/12/94,DNP4,216,25,206,2.6665 {deer scat present; dead grass present}
07/28/94,WNP4,210,15,212,1.9049 {elk munched}
07/14/94,DNP5,219,34,209,2.7807
07/28/94,WNP5,188,15,190,1.8112
07/11/94,DPP1,147,19,135,2.0675
07/28/94,WPP1,153,13,156,1.2414
07/11/94,DPP2,173,21,166,2.3401
07/28/94,WPP2,230,16,233,2.0511
07/12/94,DPP3,155,25,152,2.2337
07/28/94,WPP3,227,17,231,2.1002
07/14/94,DPP4,176,30,178,2.6168
07/28/94,WPP4,206,15,206,1.8656
07/14/94,DPP5,193,24,183,2.3015
07/29/94,WPP5,193,21,194,1.9822
07/31/95,DCC1,115,27,106,2.1753 {Poa glauca not flowering}
08/03/95,WCC1,127,10,125,1.1975
07/31/95,DCC2,131,24,132,2.2240
08/03/95,WCC2,176,17,177,1.8132
08/01/95,DCC3,126,27,117,2.1095
08/14/95,WCC3,167,19,162,2.3719
07/31/95,DCC4,122,23,110,2.1202
08/14/95,WCC4,176,16,172,2.0913
07/31/95,DCC5,123,23,112,2.1363
08/14/95,WCC5,164,13,164,1.8266
07/31/95,DNN1,136,32,127,2.7305
08/03/95,WNN1,130,12,134,1.1443
07/31/95,DNN2,169,28,164,2.6701
08/03/95,WNN2,172,12,171,1.7661
07/31/95,DNN3,130,20,113,2.3383
08/03/95,WNN3,160,14,158,1.6842
07/31/95,DNN4,152,29,146,2.6412
08/03/95,WNN4,176,17,177,1.8913
08/01/95,DNN5,140,25,135,2.4296
08/03/95,WNN5,177,14,177,1.7800
08/01/95,DNP1,160,26,155,2.7603
08/03/95,WNP1,116,8,115,0.8437
08/01/95,DNP2,166,23,159,2.6569
08/03/95,WNP2,126,13,125,1.0954
08/01/95,DNP3,168,25,164,2.7928
08/03/95,WNP3,133,13,131,1.5468
08/01/95,DNP4,154,28,148,2.8824
08/03/95,WNP4,187,15,188,1.7709
08/01/95,DNP5,181,31,178,2.9110
08/03/95,WNP5,153,15,156,1.6654
07/31/95,DPP1,122,21,102,2.1230
08/03/95,WPP1,159,13,163,1.3328
07/31/95,DPP2,147,25,137,2.5586
08/14/95,WPP2,185,19,188,2.1226
08/01/95,DPP3,132,25,122,2.5238
08/14/95,WPP3,188,13,188,1.9794
07/31/95,DPP4,131,31,114,2.7495
08/14/95,WPP4,212,16,213,2.1041
08/01/95,DPP5,138,25,128,2.5519
08/03/95,WPP5,152,15,144,1.7732
07/30/96,DCC1,134,23,129,1.9463
08/06/96,WCC1,147,13,147,1.4033
07/30/96,DCC2,132,22,132,2.0666
08/06/96,WCC2,160,14,158,1.7957
08/02/96,DCC3,124,25,111,2.0743
08/07/96,WCC3,191,17,189,2.4236
08/02/96,DCC4,129,26,123,2.1310
08/07/96,WCC4,179,16,176,2.3143
08/02/96,DCC5,129,23,110,2.1351
08/07/96,WCC5,162,13,161,1.9783
07/30/96,DNN1,143,21,136,2.5249
08/06/96,WNN1,129,11,132,1.0857
07/30/96,DNN2,145,23,142,2.5397
08/07/96,WNN2,192,14,193,1.9489
07/30/96,DNN3,124,22,114,2.3660
08/07/96,WNN3,174,14,174,1.6882
08/02/96,DNN4,149,30,149,2.5521
08/07/96,WNN4,189,14,189,1.9032
08/02/96,DNN5,142,24,134,2.4938
08/06/96,WNN5,176,11,172,1.6259
07/30/96,DNP1,162,23,160,2.5585
08/06/96,WNP1,127,7,127,0.8029
07/30/96,DNP2,135,21,127,2.4898
08/06/96,WNP2,123,12,126,1.0487
08/02/96,DNP3,144,28,142,2.9896
08/06/96,WNP3,130,14,129,1.3253
08/02/96,DNP4,179,26,179,2.6486
08/07/96,WNP4,175,14,177,1.6679
08/02/96,DNP5,161,28,162,2.7453
08/07/96,WNP5,146,12,149,1.6861
07/30/96,DPP1,126,23,110,2.2365
08/06/96,WPP1,158,13,161,1.3217
07/30/96,DPP2,130,25,125,2.4653
08/06/96,WPP2,180,16,180,1.9331
08/02/96,DPP3,137,26,124,2.5684
08/07/96,WPP3,199,17,201,2.1620
08/02/96,DPP4,139,32,121,2.7861
08/07/96,WPP4,163,16,166,2.0640
08/02/96,DPP5,145,27,135,2.6216
08/06/96,WPP5,167,16,171,1.7135
07/28/98,DCC1,122,27,110,2.1167
07/28/98,DCC2,141,28,138,2.3614
07/28/98,DCC3,121,26,103,2.1248
07/28/98,DCC4,125,28,118,2.3013
07/28/98,DCC5,128,27,115,2.4179
07/24/98,DNN1,142,25,133,2.6487
07/24/98,DNN2,145,25,139,2.6827
07/24/98,DNN3,138,26,131,2.5647
07/24/98,DNN4,131,29,128,2.7606
07/24/98,DNN5,141,29,130,2.7523
07/23/98,DNP1,166,23,164,2.6498
07/23/98,DNP2,160,23,154,2.4927
07/23/98,DNP3,154,29,153,2.8490
07/23/98,DNP4,144,27,147,2.6492
07/23/98,DNP5,161,26,159,2.6886
07/24/98,DPP1,131,19,105,2.1832
07/24/98,DPP2,150,30,144,2.5989
07/28/98,DPP3,143,26,133,2.5592
07/24/98,DPP4,128,34,104,2.9161
07/28/98,DPP5,141,27,129,2.6399
\log
The initial iteration of the documentation section of this file was
developed by Rick Ingersoll on 11-15 February 1994. The file was
put under sccs control on 15 February 1994.[RCI 15 February 1994]
Semi-quantitative observations from the data collection forms were
incorporated into the data section on 16 February 1994.[RCI 16
February 1994] Comments provided by Terry Theodose were incorporated
into the documentation section on 23 February 1994.[RCI 23
February 1994] Data for 1994 were appended on 30 August 1994.
[RCI 30 August 1994] The plot code for WCC1 was incorrectly listed
twice for 07/31/91. It was determined that the second listing was
actually data for WCC2 and this was corrected on 8 September 1994.
[RCI 8 September 1994] Fertilization plot locations surveyed by Tim
Bardsley and Mike Hartman on 13 July and 7 September 1994 were
added to the comments section on 13 September 1994.[RCI 13 September
1994] In January 1995, Terry Theodose identified some problems with
a portion of the data contained in this file. TT met with Rick
Ingersoll in early June 1995 and pointed out that number of species
present was exceedingly high for many of the 1991-92 dry meadow
surveys. Subsequently, it was discovered that because of the varied
personnel involved in collecting the five years of data, in
combination with a variety of hard-copy data and EasyEntry data
entry forms, some of the species which were neither "hit" nor
observed as being present were entered as 000 (rather than 999)
"hits". Thus, for a subset of these data, all of the species
listed on the hard-copy data forms were considered as being
present. The raw EasyEntry files were corrected (all 000 hits
converted to 999 hits) and the raw data were reprocessed. The entire
data section was deleted and replaced with the newly processed
1990-94 data on 13 June 1995.[RCI 13 June 1995] Comments regarding
discrepancies between "number of species" in this file and
"number of species" hand written on the tops of the hard-copy
field data forms were added to the comments section on 13 July
1995.[RCI 13 July 1995] Data for the 1995 field season were
appended to the data section on 23 January 1996.[MAH 23 January
1996] Investigator contact information for William Bowman was
added on 6 May 1996.[MAH 6 May 1996] Data for the 1996 field season
were appended to the data section on 27 August 1996.[MAH 27 August
1996] On 3 March 1998 it was realized that a duplicate set of data
for plot DCC5 from 1996 were listed in place of the data for plot
DCC1 from 1996. The erroneous records were replaced with the correct
records on that date.[MAH 3 March 1998] Dry meadow data for 1998 were
appended to the data section and a comment concerning the absence of
1997 data was inserted into the comments section on 13 September
2000.[MAH 13 September 2000]
\doc
TITLE. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on alpine plant
species composition: Summary data.
ABSTRACT. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen+phosphorus
fertilization on alpine plant species composition in a dry and a wet
meadow community were examined. A point-quadrat system was used to
estimate the cover frequencies for each species in plots in the 2
communities on the south slope of Niwot Ridge. Treatments were N, P,
N+P, and control. Observations were made once per year per plot over
a period of several years. Diversity (Shannon-Weaver) indices were
also calculated.
INVESTIGATOR. Terry Theodose & William D. Bowman, EPOB, CB 334,
University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, (303) 492-2557
or 492-8841, bowman@spot.colorado.edu.
VARIABLES. Shannon-Weaver Index.
KEYWORDS. species composition, species diversity, fertilization.
LOCATION. The study plots were located just south of the Niwot Ridge
Saddle, in the City of Boulder Watershed. Original data are stored
in Ramaley Hall (Room 395A).
TIMING. begin 1990, ongoing, once per year per plot.
CITATIONS.
COMMENTS. These data were manually entered into the computer from
field data sheets using an EasyEntry program. See "The Management of
NWT LTER Data on the PC" for additional details. The resultant files
were post-processed on a Sun SPARC 2 and archived. See "The
Management of NWT LTER Data on culter" for more information.
Plot codes consist of 4 characters: The initial character indicates
whether the plot was dry (D) or wet (W) meadow, the middle 2
characters represent the treatment [control (CC), nitrogen
fertilization (NN), phosphorus fertilization (PP), and
nitrogen+phosphorus fertilization (NP)], and the final character
represents the plot number.
Tim Bardsley and Mike Hartman conducted a rudimentary survey of the wet
meadow plots on 13 July 1994 in order to reference the plots to
established objects/points on Niwot Ridge. A Silva Ranger compass was
used with E declination set at 12 degrees; the accuracy of the bearings
is +/- 3 degrees. All distances were measured across the ground surface
(not at a fixed horizontal level); such distances are accurate to +/- 2%.
The bearing from the northwest corner of the c1 wet meadow plot to the
centerline of the wind turbine was 202 degrees. Thus, the bearing from
the centerline of the wind turbine to the northwest corner of the c1 wet
meadow plot was 22 degrees. The distance form the northwest corner of
the c1 wet meadow plot to the southwest corner of the base of the wind
turbine was 278.2 meters. A crude map of the relationships among the
dry meadow plots was provided by Bill Bowman and that map is on file
with the LTER data manager. Plot n1 was oriented west and south of c1.
Plot np1 was approximately due south of c1. The following plots were
approximately due west of np1 (with the most proximal listed first):
np2, p1, c2, p2, c3, p3, c4, np4, and c5. The bearing from the northwest
corner of c1 to the northwest corner of c5 was 309 degrees. South of
this row, and oriented approximately from west to east were plots n2,
n3, np5, np4, n4, np3, n5, and p5. The plots n2, n5, and p5 were
slightly out of line with the other plots in the row; the bearings from
the northwest corner of c1 to the northwest corner of these plots were
292, 249, and 239 degrees, respectively. Note that a band of willows
(approximately L-shaped) separates plots n5 and p5 from c2, p1, and np2.
The distances (meters) reported below are between the northwest corner
of c1 and the northwest corner of the given plot:
n1,3.55
np1,3.27
np2,6.19
p1,8.51
c2,12.65
p2,15.59
c3,18.84
p3,22.75
c4,24.89
p4,27.09
c5,29.55
n2,32.39
n3,28.45
np5,26.20
np4,23.63
n4,19.95
np3,15.55
n5,15.00
p5,16.75
Tim Bardsley and Mike Hartman conducted a rudimentary survey of the
dry meadow plots on 7 September 1994. A less sophisticated compass
was used for this survey and, consequently, all bearings reported
below are for magnetic, not true, north; a declination of 11.5
degrees should be added to the former to convert to the latter.
The bearing from the northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to
the centerline of the wind turbine was 345 degrees. Thus, the
bearing from the centerline of the wind turbine to the northeast
corner of the c1 dry meadow plot was 165 degrees. The distance from
the northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to the southwest
corner of the base of the wind turbine was 231.0 meters. The bearings
(degrees) and distances (meters) reported below are from the
northeast corner of the c1 dry meadow plot to the northeast corner of
the given plot:
np1,259,3.37
p1,178,3.12
n1,209,6.90
np2,192,10.46
p2,212,10.83
c2,222,12.20
n2,239,13.58
n3,232,17.41
np3,246,19.26
c3,199,31.47
p3,211,31.62
c4,214,32.50
np4,221,33.41
p4,228,34.60
c5,232,36.48
n4,234,39.07
p5,206,35.55
n5,207,37.74
np5,205,39.20
Note that the plot code nomenclature used in the surveys is slightly
different than the plot code nomenclature used elsewhere in this
file. The code DNN5, for example, would be equivalent to n5 in the
second of the 2 listings above.
Species codes are 6-character codes comprised of the first 3
characters of the of the genus and the first 3 characters of the
specific name. An expanded list of all species codes used on Niwot
Ridge can be found at:
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?pspecies.mw
Graminoid, forb, and woody species observed in a plot were included
for the purposes of Shannon-Weaver Index calculations, regardless
of whether or not those species were identified by the point quadrat
technique. Non-graminoids, non-forbs, and non-woody species
(e.g., SELDEN (Selaginella densa)) and non-plant hits
(e.g., BAREEE (bare soil)) were included in the percent cover
calculations but were not used in the Shannon-Weaver Index
calculations.
Semi-quantitative observations made during data collection are
recorded with the appropriate plot in the data section.
During mid-June 1995, a comparison was made between the "number of
species" hand written on top of the hard-copy field data forms
and the "number of species" calculated for this file. This was
done for approximately 20% of the records in this file. Of the
examined records, there was agreement between the two sources for
22.5% of the records. For 70% of the examined records, the number
of species on the hard-copy forms was 1-2 greater than those
contained in the current file. Careful examination showed that
this was due, in most cases, to incorrectly including the BAREEE
or SELDEN hits as a "species" in the hand written tally. For the
remaining 5% of the examined records, the number of species on the
hard-copy forms was 1-2 less than those contained in the current
file. This was due to incorrectly considering MINBIF and MINOBT as
separate species and UNKNOW as a distinct species in the entry
and/or processing of the data in the current file. There was a
single case (2.5% of the examined records) where a species total
in the current file was 1 less than the tally on the hard-copy
form because a "presence" category had been overlooked by data
entry personnel. Terry Theodose concluded that the basic trends
and conclusions resulting from independent evaluation of "number
of species" from the two sources would be insignificant and that
correction of the few minor errors in the current file was not of
an immediate priority. Nonetheless, NWT LTER data management
personnel might obtain copies of the hard-copy data forms from
Bill Bowman in the future for the purposes of resolving those
errors.
Data for 1997 were collected using drastically different methods than
the data in this file, and are therefore not included.
Raw data, including hit totals and percent cover for each species,
can be found at
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?fertcovr.tt
\type
statistical
\header
COL1. label=date (mm/dd/yy), type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL2. label=plot code, type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL3. label=number of hits used for percent cover calculations,
type=integer, units=none, missing value indicator=, minimum=001,
maximum=, precision=
COL4. label=number of species, type=integer, units=none, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL5. label=number of hits used for Shannon-Weaver calculation,
type=integer, units=none, missing value indicator=, minimum=001,
maximum=, precision=
COL6. label=Shannon-Weaver Index, type=real, units=none, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
{*********************************************************************
If the data section below contains no data then you will need to
obtain permission from the investigator listed in the documentation
section of this file. If you have obtained permission or if the data
are already contained in this file, include the following
acknowledgment (in addition to an acknowledgment of the investigator)
in any published use of these data: "Logistical support
and/or data were provided by the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological
Research project (NSF DEB 0423662) and the Mountain Research Station
(BIR 9115097)." Please send 4 reprints or high-quality copies of any
such publications to Todd Ackerman, NWT LTER data manager,
INSTAAR, CB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450.
The data contained in these files have many sources. Generally,
data collected prior to 1993 would have been subjected to quality
control standards imposed by the investigator. Data after 1992
were likely to have been manually entered and/or processed in the
NWT LTER central data management laboratory. Detailed information
on the quality control protocols and programs associated with any
data routed through the NWT LTER data management laboratory will
be supplied upon request. The user of these data should be aware
that, while efforts have been taken to ensure that these data are
of the highest quality, there is no guarantee of perfection for
the data contained herein and the possibility of errors exists.
If you encounter questionable data, please contact the NWT LTER
data manager (todda@culter.colorado.edu; (303) 492-4771) so that
the data can be corrected or qualified. Thus, these data should
be considered dynamic in that past data may be modified and future
data will be appended.
******************************************************************}
\data
07/03/90,DCC1,119,12,107,1.2059
07/09/90,WCC1,151,8,144,0.9805
07/05/90,DCC2,159,14,142,1.5726
07/09/90,WCC2,163,10,148,1.5201
07/05/90,DCC3,127,15,93,1.4353
07/09/90,WCC3,158,11,141,1.7353
07/05/90,DCC4,148,10,123,1.4107
07/09/90,WCC4,165,11,154,1.7821
07/05/90,DCC5,153,19,134,1.9222
07/09/90,WCC5,143,12,130,1.6932
07/05/90,DNN1,134,13,123,1.2129
07/09/90,WNN1,146,10,135,1.0430
07/05/90,DNN2,131,19,114,1.9106
07/09/90,WNN2,172,9,159,1.8546
07/05/90,DNN3,146,13,123,1.6223
07/09/90,WNN3,168,11,157,1.8146
07/05/90,DNN4,120,17,97,1.7759
07/09/90,WNN4,152,9,142,1.6367
07/05/90,DNN5,139,14,110,1.4548
07/09/90,WNN5,144,15,129,1.6219
07/03/90,DNP1,140,18,116,1.3450
07/09/90,WNP1,127,7,121,0.7790
07/05/90,DNP2,150,17,127,1.9457
07/09/90,WNP2,142,14,136,1.4888
07/05/90,DNP3,148,13,133,1.3782
07/09/90,WNP3,160,15,144,1.9557
07/05/90,DNP4,128,14,81,1.5516
07/09/90,WNP4,157,12,143,1.9031
07/05/90,DNP5,173,16,156,1.5492
07/09/90,WNP5,161,12,152,1.7533
07/05/90,DPP1,124,15,102,1.3590
07/09/90,WPP1,147,11,133,1.3926
07/05/90,DPP2,141,15,125,1.5842
07/09/90,WPP2,165,13,154,2.0373
07/05/90,DPP3,139,13,107,1.6702
07/09/90,WPP3,150,11,132,1.9598
07/05/90,DPP4,136,15,105,1.7415
07/09/90,WPP4,163,12,152,1.7835
07/05/90,DPP5,152,14,136,1.4505
07/09/90,WPP5,142,11,121,1.3281
07/02/91,DCC1,139,17,116,1.6551
07/31/91,WCC1,109,14,107,1.8315
07/09/91,DCC2,202,18,198,2.0564
07/31/91,WCC2,213,11,212,1.6472
07/10/91,DCC3,155,20,131,1.7784
08/01/91,WCC3,218,16,217,1.9633
07/12/91,DCC4,167,17,152,2.0352
08/02/91,WCC4,207,16,206,2.0372
07/14/91,DCC5,178,21,171,2.1916
08/02/91,WCC5,181,15,183,1.9199
07/09/91,DNN1,216,19,214,1.9917
07/31/91,WNN1,196,13,199,1.6226
07/10/91,DNN2,214,21,209,2.2100
08/06/91,WNN2,243,12,242,1.9492
07/10/91,DNN3,178,18,172,1.6976
08/02/91,WNN3,222,16,224,2.0314
07/14/91,DNN4,190,23,175,2.1718
08/02/91,WNN4,232,15,231,1.9813
07/16/91,DNN5,167,19,160,1.8006
08/07/91,WNN5,191,13,190,1.7454
07/02/91,DNP1,182,22,177,2.2748
07/31/91,WNP1,133,12,134,1.5253
07/09/91,DNP2,252,25,251,2.4331
07/31/91,WNP2,187,18,188,1.8582
07/10/91,DNP3,229,24,229,2.2150
08/06/91,WNP3,246,17,247,2.0913
07/12/91,DNP4,258,24,235,2.5878
08/06/91,WNP4,272,16,274,2.1729
07/16/91,DNP5,201,28,191,2.5163
08/06/91,WNP5,207,14,209,1.9722
07/08/91,DPP1,159,17,145,1.5783
08/01/91,WPP1,195,19,196,1.7039
07/09/91,DPP2,178,21,173,2.0400
08/01/91,WPP2,289,19,290,2.2903
07/12/91,DPP3,159,19,145,2.0406
08/02/91,WPP3,240,18,246,2.1174
07/14/91,DPP4,213,23,197,2.2778
08/02/91,WPP4,218,14,218,2.0295
07/16/91,DPP5,164,19,158,1.9076
08/07/91,WPP5,178,16,175,1.7344
07/09/92,DCC1,166,21,156,1.7129
07/28/92,WCC1,150,11,149,1.3213 {a lot of Caltha seedlings}
07/10/92,DCC2,194,21,190,2.0699
07/28/92,WCC2,215,15,216,1.7819
07/13/92,DCC3,156,23,142,2.0259
07/28/92,WCC3,199,16,200,1.8551
07/14/92,DCC4,166,23,164,2.0570
07/29/92,WCC4,223,16,222,1.8474
07/14/92,DCC5,217,29,214,2.3136
07/29/92,WCC5,173,12,173,1.4886
07/10/92,DNN1,202,24,202,2.2057 {Trifolium didn't look as good as in
DPP1; Poa arctica not as far along as in DNP1 plot; Mertensia
senescing}
07/28/92,WNN1,147,13,147,1.5714
07/10/92,DNN2,233,28,237,2.3912 {Carex rupestris large & healthy}
08/03/92,WNN2,200,15,201,1.7284
07/13/92,DNN3,188,27,196,2.1438
08/03/92,WNN3,236,14,238,1.6661
07/14/92,DNN4,240,26,239,2.3840
08/03/92,WNN4,275,16,277,1.9699
07/14/92,DNN5,257,25,253,2.1456
08/03/92,WNN5,210,17,209,1.8280
07/09/92,DNP1,245,31,244,2.5276 {grazed}
07/28/92,WNP1,176,10,177,1.2168 {a lot of moss}
07/10/92,DNP2,296,34,296,2.8436 {Sedum big & healthy; Saxifraga leaves
huge; no Androsace flowers or fruits - outshaded?; grazed}
07/28/92,WNP2,147,13,149,1.3655 {herbivory}
07/13/92,DNP3,300,27,302,2.5333 {a lot of Androsace}
08/03/92,WNP3,198,16,196,1.7580 {grazed by elk?; gopher mound in middle}
07/14/92,DNP4,321,31,319,2.6843
08/03/92,WNP4,286,16,287,2.0239 {gopher mound}
07/14/92,DNP5,359,35,356,2.7738
08/03/92,WNP5,219,15,221,1.8468 {Caltha in flower}
07/10/92,DPP1,140,27,131,2.1573 {bistorts had burned leaf tips;
non-mycorrhizal Sedum doing well; Mertensia senescing; many new
little red buds of Sedum emerging throughout plot; Carex rupestris
stunted? and appeared to be dying out; Acomastylis flowers senescing}
07/28/92,WPP1,194,17,196,1.8675 {herbivory}
07/10/92,DPP2,180,26,176,2.3032 {burning of bistort leaves; Sedum
healthy; some grazing}
07/28/92,WPP2,260,18,261,2.2328
07/13/92,DPP3,186,23,181,2.2122 {juicy Sedum; new little Sedum
seedlings; burned bistorts and Kobresia}
07/28/92,WPP3,263,19,265,2.0826
07/14/92,DPP4,189,29,190,2.4730
07/28/92,WPP4,256,16,257,2.0988
07/14/92,DPP5,203,24,200,2.1516
08/03/92,WPP5,195,24,197,2.0173
07/19/93,DCC1,147,26,140,1.9662
07/23/93,WCC1,148,11,145,1.3447
07/22/93,DCC2,185,28,182,2.2480
07/27/93,WCC2,190,14,190,1.6251
07/22/93,DCC3,161,27,148,2.0581
07/27/93,WCC3,165,18,162,2.2096
07/22/93,DCC4,164,25,157,2.1485
07/27/93,WCC4,183,14,182,1.9708
07/23/93,DCC5,161,23,148,2.2672
07/26/93,WCC5,169,13,169,1.7608
07/18/93,DNN1,192,26,188,2.2850
07/27/93,WNN1,148,13,148,1.2931
07/22/93,DNN2,238,31,234,2.5222 {many Poa arctica seedlings}
07/26/93,WNN2,211,13,211,1.9487
07/22/93,DNN3,219,27,218,2.3054 {many grass seedlings}
07/27/93,WNN3,181,13,181,1.6370
07/23/93,DNN4,200,28,197,2.4739
07/27/93,WNN4,219,16,219,1.9524
07/23/93,DNN5,206,27,204,2.4638 {CAMROT healthy}
07/27/93,WNN5,206,14,204,1.7417
07/19/93,DNP1,286,30,286,2.6485 {Deschampsia dying}
07/27/93,WNP1,132,7,131,0.9027
07/20/93,DNP2,238,28,238,2.8021
07/23/93,WNP2,140,11,140,1.1333
07/22/93,DNP3,269,35,269,2.7561
07/23/93,WNP3,168,14,167,1.8440 {gopher disturbance}
07/22/93,DNP4,283,29,282,2.7024
07/26/93,WNP4,205,18,205,1.9499 {Rhodiola showed leaf tip burn}
07/23/93,DNP5,295,34,295,2.8588 {HYMACA etiolated}
07/26/93,WNP5,169,11,168,1.6481 {a lot of healthy RHOINT}
07/18/93,DPP1,183,25,175,2.3326
07/27/93,WPP1,161,11,161,1.3067
07/20/93,DPP2,186,29,181,2.4494
07/27/93,WPP2,197,15,197,2.0959
07/22/93,DPP3,181,27,176,2.4639
07/27/93,WPP3,242,20,242,2.3388
07/23/93,DPP4,182,33,178,2.7085
07/27/93,WPP4,245,16,245,2.1318
07/23/93,DPP5,192,32,186,2.5130 {Campanula healthy}
07/27/93,WPP5,181,16,180,1.7307
07/11/94,DCC1,149,26,145,2.0279
07/28/94,WCC1,151,12,153,1.1234
07/11/94,DCC2,187,19,181,2.0242
07/28/94,WCC2,173,15,175,1.5722
07/12/94,DCC3,151,27,144,2.0308
07/28/94,WCC3,207,19,208,2.2257
07/12/94,DCC4,150,23,151,2.0657
07/28/94,WCC4,184,15,184,2.0261
07/14/94,DCC5,143,20,131,2.0749
07/28/94,WCC5,157,13,158,1.7566
07/11/94,DNN1,182,19,166,2.1547
07/28/94,WNN1,138,13,143,1.2638
07/11/94,DNN2,201,27,195,2.4843
07/28/94,WNN2,215,14,217,1.9849
07/12/94,DNN3,182,19,169,1.9303 {elk urine in this plot?}
07/28/94,WNN3,193,13,193,1.6659
07/14/94,DNN4,197,28,186,2.4590
07/28/94,WNN4,223,16,226,1.9488
07/14/94,DNN5,198,23,197,2.2052
07/29/94,WNN5,217,14,216,1.8374
07/11/94,DNP1,231,27,229,2.6608
07/28/94,WNP1,140,8,141,0.9257
07/11/94,DNP2,205,22,192,2.4511 {gopher invaded; 4 mound hits}
07/28/94,WNP2,121,12,125,1.0150
07/12/94,DNP3,221,27,207,2.7487 {deer scat present}
07/28/94,WNP3,137,15,135,1.2614
07/12/94,DNP4,216,25,206,2.6665 {deer scat present; dead grass present}
07/28/94,WNP4,210,15,212,1.9049 {elk munched}
07/14/94,DNP5,219,34,209,2.7807
07/28/94,WNP5,188,15,190,1.8112
07/11/94,DPP1,147,19,135,2.0675
07/28/94,WPP1,153,13,156,1.2414
07/11/94,DPP2,173,21,166,2.3401
07/28/94,WPP2,230,16,233,2.0511
07/12/94,DPP3,155,25,152,2.2337
07/28/94,WPP3,227,17,231,2.1002
07/14/94,DPP4,176,30,178,2.6168
07/28/94,WPP4,206,15,206,1.8656
07/14/94,DPP5,193,24,183,2.3015
07/29/94,WPP5,193,21,194,1.9822
07/31/95,DCC1,115,27,106,2.1753 {Poa glauca not flowering}
08/03/95,WCC1,127,10,125,1.1975
07/31/95,DCC2,131,24,132,2.2240
08/03/95,WCC2,176,17,177,1.8132
08/01/95,DCC3,126,27,117,2.1095
08/14/95,WCC3,167,19,162,2.3719
07/31/95,DCC4,122,23,110,2.1202
08/14/95,WCC4,176,16,172,2.0913
07/31/95,DCC5,123,23,112,2.1363
08/14/95,WCC5,164,13,164,1.8266
07/31/95,DNN1,136,32,127,2.7305
08/03/95,WNN1,130,12,134,1.1443
07/31/95,DNN2,169,28,164,2.6701
08/03/95,WNN2,172,12,171,1.7661
07/31/95,DNN3,130,20,113,2.3383
08/03/95,WNN3,160,14,158,1.6842
07/31/95,DNN4,152,29,146,2.6412
08/03/95,WNN4,176,17,177,1.8913
08/01/95,DNN5,140,25,135,2.4296
08/03/95,WNN5,177,14,177,1.7800
08/01/95,DNP1,160,26,155,2.7603
08/03/95,WNP1,116,8,115,0.8437
08/01/95,DNP2,166,23,159,2.6569
08/03/95,WNP2,126,13,125,1.0954
08/01/95,DNP3,168,25,164,2.7928
08/03/95,WNP3,133,13,131,1.5468
08/01/95,DNP4,154,28,148,2.8824
08/03/95,WNP4,187,15,188,1.7709
08/01/95,DNP5,181,31,178,2.9110
08/03/95,WNP5,153,15,156,1.6654
07/31/95,DPP1,122,21,102,2.1230
08/03/95,WPP1,159,13,163,1.3328
07/31/95,DPP2,147,25,137,2.5586
08/14/95,WPP2,185,19,188,2.1226
08/01/95,DPP3,132,25,122,2.5238
08/14/95,WPP3,188,13,188,1.9794
07/31/95,DPP4,131,31,114,2.7495
08/14/95,WPP4,212,16,213,2.1041
08/01/95,DPP5,138,25,128,2.5519
08/03/95,WPP5,152,15,144,1.7732
07/30/96,DCC1,134,23,129,1.9463
08/06/96,WCC1,147,13,147,1.4033
07/30/96,DCC2,132,22,132,2.0666
08/06/96,WCC2,160,14,158,1.7957
08/02/96,DCC3,124,25,111,2.0743
08/07/96,WCC3,191,17,189,2.4236
08/02/96,DCC4,129,26,123,2.1310
08/07/96,WCC4,179,16,176,2.3143
08/02/96,DCC5,129,23,110,2.1351
08/07/96,WCC5,162,13,161,1.9783
07/30/96,DNN1,143,21,136,2.5249
08/06/96,WNN1,129,11,132,1.0857
07/30/96,DNN2,145,23,142,2.5397
08/07/96,WNN2,192,14,193,1.9489
07/30/96,DNN3,124,22,114,2.3660
08/07/96,WNN3,174,14,174,1.6882
08/02/96,DNN4,149,30,149,2.5521
08/07/96,WNN4,189,14,189,1.9032
08/02/96,DNN5,142,24,134,2.4938
08/06/96,WNN5,176,11,172,1.6259
07/30/96,DNP1,162,23,160,2.5585
08/06/96,WNP1,127,7,127,0.8029
07/30/96,DNP2,135,21,127,2.4898
08/06/96,WNP2,123,12,126,1.0487
08/02/96,DNP3,144,28,142,2.9896
08/06/96,WNP3,130,14,129,1.3253
08/02/96,DNP4,179,26,179,2.6486
08/07/96,WNP4,175,14,177,1.6679
08/02/96,DNP5,161,28,162,2.7453
08/07/96,WNP5,146,12,149,1.6861
07/30/96,DPP1,126,23,110,2.2365
08/06/96,WPP1,158,13,161,1.3217
07/30/96,DPP2,130,25,125,2.4653
08/06/96,WPP2,180,16,180,1.9331
08/02/96,DPP3,137,26,124,2.5684
08/07/96,WPP3,199,17,201,2.1620
08/02/96,DPP4,139,32,121,2.7861
08/07/96,WPP4,163,16,166,2.0640
08/02/96,DPP5,145,27,135,2.6216
08/06/96,WPP5,167,16,171,1.7135
07/28/98,DCC1,122,27,110,2.1167
07/28/98,DCC2,141,28,138,2.3614
07/28/98,DCC3,121,26,103,2.1248
07/28/98,DCC4,125,28,118,2.3013
07/28/98,DCC5,128,27,115,2.4179
07/24/98,DNN1,142,25,133,2.6487
07/24/98,DNN2,145,25,139,2.6827
07/24/98,DNN3,138,26,131,2.5647
07/24/98,DNN4,131,29,128,2.7606
07/24/98,DNN5,141,29,130,2.7523
07/23/98,DNP1,166,23,164,2.6498
07/23/98,DNP2,160,23,154,2.4927
07/23/98,DNP3,154,29,153,2.8490
07/23/98,DNP4,144,27,147,2.6492
07/23/98,DNP5,161,26,159,2.6886
07/24/98,DPP1,131,19,105,2.1832
07/24/98,DPP2,150,30,144,2.5989
07/28/98,DPP3,143,26,133,2.5592
07/24/98,DPP4,128,34,104,2.9161
07/28/98,DPP5,141,27,129,2.6399
07/19/00,DCC1,134,23,120,2.1097
07/19/00,DCC2,128,25,115,2.3148
07/24/00,DCC3,114,23,97,2.0331
07/24/00,DCC4,126,24,115,2.0279
07/24/00,DCC5,129,21,118,2.1774
07/19/00,DNN1,139,27,136,2.8103
07/19/00,DNN2,142,23,138,2.5456
07/19/00,DNN3,128,26,117,2.6474
07/19/00,DNN4,133,26,124,2.6859
07/24/00,DNN5,140,24,131,2.7978
07/19/00,DNP1,172,21,169,2.4791
07/19/00,DNP2,148,22,145,2.3321
07/19/00,DNP3,133,26,118,2.8213 {heavily disturbed by gophers}
07/24/00,DNP4,168,24,166,2.6636
07/24/00,DNP5,177,26,179,2.5949
07/19/00,DPP1,130,23,107,2.4929
07/19/00,DPP2,141,26,135,2.3798
07/24/00,DPP3,125,22,113,2.3535
07/24/00,DPP4,119,30,91,2.7789
07/24/00,DPP5,143,23,133,2.4643