{EML Metadata} {Description of the Data file structure is available at the Niwot Ridge LTER Data page}

\log

The initial iteration of this file was provided as 2 email messages
from Renee Mullen to Rick Ingersoll on 24 January 1995. Rick Ingersoll 
provided minor editorial revisions on 18 April 1994.[RCI 18 April 1995]
Additional revisions/comments were provided by Renee Mullen on 19 May 
1995. These were incorporated and the file was put under sccs control on 
that date as well.[RCI 19 May 1995]  URL locations for related data were 
updated on 27 September 2000.[MAH 27 September 2000]

\doc

TITLE. Ranunculus adoneus: Edaphic and plant factors related to 
mycorrhizal development.

ABSTRACT. Ranunculus adoneus plants were collected bi-weekly from Niwot 
Ridge Saddle grid stake 34 during the 1990 and 1991 growing seasons.
Associated plant biomass, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus levels, 
were determined. Soil nitrogen, phosphorus, moisture, and temperature 
also were measured. The relationships between these factors and 
mycorrhizal development were examined. Mycorrhizal development 
corresponded with phosphorus accumulation in R. adoneus. This 
accumulation occurred late in the growing season after seed set, when
plants were producing new tissues for the next year and appears to 
allow the plants to bloom the next year when snowmelt begins. Edaphic
factors such as soil temperature, soil moisture, and soil N and P
levels did not correlate with patterns in mycorrhizal development. In
contrast to the pattern of P uptake, R. adoneus took up nitrogen (N)
very early in the growing season during snowmelt, when availablitity
was high, new roots had not yet formed, and old roots contained high
levels of dark septate (DS) fungus.

INVESTIGATOR. Rene Mullen, EPOB, Campus Box 334, University of Colorado, 
Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, (303) 492-6248, rbmullen@ucsub.colorado.edu.

VARIABLES. plant N, plant P, plant dry weight, plant root length, soil 
moisture, soil temperature, soil N, soil P.

KEYWORDS. Ranunculus adoneus, edaphic factors, nitrogen, phosphorus, mycorrhizae, Biogeochemistry, soil and microbial pools and fluxes, plant production.

LOCATION. Study site was the Niwot Ridge Saddle. Original data are 
with Renee Mullen.

TIMING. Begin 18 June 1990, end 3 October 1991, weekly to bi-weekly 
during the field season.

CITATIONS. [1]Mullen, R.B., and S.K. Schmidt. 1993. Mycorrhizal infection,
phosphorus uptake and phenology in Ranunculus adoneus: Implications for
the functioning of mycorrhizae in alpine systems. Oecologia 94: 229-234.
[2]Mullen, R.B. 1995. Fungal endophytes in the alpine buttercup 
Ranunculus adoneus: Implications for nutrient cycling in alpine systems.
Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado, Boulder. 122 pp.
[3]Mullen, R.B., S.K. Schmidt, and C.H. Jaeger. Early season nitrogen
uptake and mycorrhizal development in the snow buttercup, Ranunculus
adoneus. Submitted to Oecologia.

COMMENTS. The metadata (file name=factormeta) and data (file name=
factordata) were provided by Renee Mullen in the form of 24 January 1995 
email messages. These original source files are archived in 
/data1/Datman/Rmullen/Mycorrhizae/Archive on culter, the NWT LTER
workstation.
Values for plant P, plant biomass, and root lengths were determined using
methods described in Mullen and Schmidt (1993). Plant N, soil N, soil
moisture, soil temperature, and soil P values were determined using
methods described in Mullen et al. (submitted to Oecologia).
Data for mycorrhizal development in Ranunculus adoneus can be found in
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?mycordev.rm

\type

statistical.

\header

COL1. label=date (mm/dd/yy), type=string, units=none, missing value 
indicator=, minimum=06/18/90, maximum=10/03/91, precision=

COL2. label=shoot nitrogen, type=real, units=percent, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=1.55, maximum=6.1, precision=

COL3. label=root nitrogen, type=real, units=percent, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=.326, maximum=4.15, precision=

COL4. label=soil temperature at 5-cm depth, type=real, units=degrees 
Celsius, missing value indicator=absence of value, minimum=0, 
maximum=13.77, precision=

COL5. label=soil temperature at 10-cm depth, type=real, units=degrees 
Celsius, missing value indicator=absence of value, minimum=-1, 
maximum=13.27, precision=

COL6. label=root length, type=real, units=mm, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=1, maximum=415, precision=

COL7. label=soil moisture, type=real, units=percent, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=21.622, maximum=106.6, precision=

COL8. label=root dry weight, type=real, units=g, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=0.0284, maximum=0.289, precision=

COL9. label=shoot dry weight, type=real, units=g, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=0.016, maximum=0.48, precision=

COL10. label=soil PO4, type=real, units=mg/g?, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=7.6, maximum=18.4, precision=

COL11. label=soil NH4, type=real, units=mg/g, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=0.00068, maximum=0.009, precision=

COL12. label=soil NO3, type=real, units=mg/g, missing value 
indicator=absence of value, minimum=0.000028, maximum=0.0041, 
precision=

{*********************************************************************

If the data section below contains no data then you will need to 
obtain permission from the investigator listed in the documentation 
section of this file. If you have obtained permission or if the data 
are already contained in this file, include the following 
acknowledgment (in addition to an acknowledgment of the investigator)
in any published use of these data: "Logistical support 
and/or data were provided by the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological 
Research project (NSF DEB 0423662) and the Mountain Research Station 
(BIR 9115097)." Please send 4 reprints or high-quality copies of any
such publications to Todd Ackerman, NWT LTER data manager, 
INSTAAR, CB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450.
The data contained in these files have many sources. Generally,
data collected prior to 1993 would have been subjected to quality
control standards imposed by the investigator. Data after 1992 
were likely to have been manually entered and/or processed in the
NWT LTER central data management laboratory. Detailed information
on the quality control protocols and programs associated with any
data routed through the NWT LTER data management laboratory will 
be supplied upon request. The user of these data should be aware
that, while efforts have been taken to ensure that these data are 
of the highest quality, there is no guarantee of perfection for
the data contained herein and the possibility of errors exists.
If you encounter questionable data, please contact the NWT LTER
data manager (todda@culter.colorado.edu; (303) 492-4771) so that
the data can be corrected or qualified. Thus, these data should
be considered dynamic in that past data may be modified and future
data will be appended.

******************************************************************}

\data

06/18/90,3.706,1.203,2.3,-0.15,1,53.19,0.148,0.0704,15.8,,
06/18/90,2.745,0.334,4.7,0.3,2.5,60.16,0.1171,0.0555,14.5,,
06/18/90,4.366,0.326,4.6,2.7,,60.56,0.1527,0.0907,15.4,,
06/18/90,3.387,0.862,5.1,0.9,,67.84,0.064,0.0541,14.1,,
06/18/90,2.719,0.882,2.9,-0.4,,63.32,0.0782,0.0613,15.3,,
06/18/90,4.733,0.98,,,,54.47,0.1093,0.0566,,,
06/18/90,4.248,1.497,,,,61.18,0.0849,0.0622,,,
06/18/90,5.214,1.93,,,,63.18,0.074,0.0486,,,
06/18/90,4.819,1.513,,,,65.55,0.1243,0.0704,,,
06/18/90,6.195,2.538,,,,63.89,0.0952,0.0883,,,
06/18/90,5.905,2.098,,,,,0.0966,0.0841,,,
06/18/90,,,,,,,0.1095,0.0906,,,
06/25/90,3.486,1.263,10.82,8.885,34,44.61,0.1318,0.0881,13.1,,
06/25/90,3.29,2.024,11.51,10.08,25,38.24,0.1016,0.094,12.2,,
06/25/90,3.974,2.087,10.71,9.13,20,45.16,0.0445,0.0993,15.2,,
06/25/90,2.169,4.155,10.09,9.52,78,48.65,0.1094,0.1145,16,,
06/25/90,3.399,1.653,13.29,11.44,61,41.83,0.0615,0.0436,13.4,,
06/25/90,2.995,1.769,,,38,43.57,0.0841,0.0869,,,
06/25/90,3.218,1.414,,,16,43.09,0.1182,0.1123,,,
06/25/90,2.992,1.742,,,27,48.6,0.0645,0.08,,,
06/25/90,3.036,1.97,,,38,44.9,0.0379,0.0642,,,
06/25/90,2.113,3.389,,,31,37.14,0.0863,0.0871,,,
06/25/90,3.985,1.829,,,,,0.1658,0.1191,,,
06/25/90,3.491,1.97,,,,,0.0539,0.0597,,,
07/01/90,2.76,1.064,13.01,9.77,71,48.29,0.0462,0.0756,14.1,,
07/01/90,2.185,1.039,12.68,9.76,97,30.04,0.0862,0.0714,16.5,,
07/01/90,2.634,1.225,12.45,10.32,101,56.92,0.0517,0.0733,14.5,,
07/01/90,2.253,1.321,13.77,13.27,71,62.18,0.0681,0.0609,13.2,,
07/01/90,2.786,1.187,13.68,11.5,148,44,0.091,0.0797,13.7,,
07/01/90,2.507,1.583,,,85,47.09,0.0756,0.0577,,,
07/01/90,3.262,1.878,,,80,30.59,0.0588,0.0791,,,
07/01/90,2.51,1.52,,,86,,0.0517,0.0728,,,
07/01/90,2.395,1.793,,,119,46.6,0.0284,0.0443,,,
07/01/90,2.166,1.435,,,80,51.06,0.0399,0.0543,,,
07/01/90,2.768,1.551,,,68,,0.0473,0.0489,,,
07/01/90,3.18,1.301,,,72,,0.0513,0.0623,,,
07/09/90,2.465,1.389,8.77,7.85,200,29.5,0.1083,0.1639,12.6,,
07/09/90,2.31,1.193,9.74,7.83,220,32,0.0634,0.1416,10,,
07/09/90,2.589,1.573,9.86,7.94,220,31,0.1567,0.2627,15.5,,
07/09/90,2.798,1.458,9.74,7.83,415,25.1,0.1513,0.162,12.2,,
07/09/90,2.298,1.193,9.86,7.94,196,28.28,0.1155,0.1176,15.7,,
07/09/90,2.658,1.493,,,184,30.07,0.0627,0.1257,,,
07/09/90,2.473,1.407,,,145,31.94,0.0544,0.0926,,,
07/09/90,2.304,1.277,,,138,32.28,0.0943,0.1565,,,
07/09/90,2.226,1.354,,,217,24.45,0.0975,0.162,,,
07/09/90,2.795,1.696,,,189,28.18,0.1185,0.1257,,,
07/09/90,2.943,1.669,,,179,,0.1122,0.1637,,,
07/09/90,,,,,,,0.0963,0.1412,,,
07/16/90,,,7.72,7.06,149,39.83,0.0931,0.1368,14.5,,
07/16/90,,,7.72,7.06,270,35.92,0.088,0.1347,14.1,,
07/16/90,,,7.98,7.31,187,34.67,0.1019,0.2263,13.8,,
07/16/90,,,7.6,7.04,288,40.33,0.1053,0.1408,12.1,,
07/16/90,,,8.5,6.99,258,35.48,0.1341,0.2403,13.1,,
07/16/90,,,,,238,41.08,0.1098,0.2043,,,
07/16/90,,,,,288,42.48,0.1272,0.1865,,,
07/16/90,,,,,159,33.05,0.1052,0.2019,,,
07/16/90,,,,,165,43.85,0.0985,0.1379,,,
07/16/90,,,,,166,36.27,0.1109,0.1333,,,
07/16/90,,,,,232,,0.0803,0.1086,,,
07/16/90,,,,,286,,0.1285,0.181,,,
07/23/90,,,5.97,5.85,337,43.561,0.0936,0.1592,14.8,,
07/23/90,,,6.44,6,264,43.668,0.1423,0.1252,14.4,,
07/23/90,,,6.44,6,205,47.489,0.1115,0.1568,13.7,,
07/23/90,,,6.25,6.25,277,46.143,0.0968,0.1873,15.2,,
07/23/90,,,6.25,6.25,321,53.559,0.1083,0.2284,17.4,,
07/23/90,,,,,258,41.895,0.1111,0.1725,,,
07/23/90,,,,,206,46.899,0.0647,0.105,,,
07/23/90,,,,,249,47.218,0.0594,0.1255,,,
07/23/90,,,,,216,45.296,0.0776,0.1584,,,
07/23/90,,,,,106,54.253,0.0895,0.2026,,,
07/23/90,,,,,414,,0.1117,0.1815,,,
07/23/90,,,,,254,,0.058,0.1116,,,
07/30/90,,,7.92,6.47,221,45.765,0.1781,0.3019,16.8,,
07/30/90,,,7.92,6.47,176,,0.1431,0.3097,18,,
07/30/90,,,7.33,6.42,187,43.405,0.1193,0.2603,17.2,,
07/30/90,,,7.33,6.42,204,31.484,0.2577,0.4804,12.4,,
07/30/90,,,7.77,6.67,122,35.409,0.1468,0.2394,16.1,,
07/30/90,,,,,,49.204,0.093,0.1318,,,
07/30/90,,,,,,,0.1737,0.2965,,,
07/30/90,,,,,,36.125,0.129,0.3361,,,
07/30/90,,,,,,32.838,,,,,
07/30/90,,,,,,38.126,,,,,
07/30/90,,,,,,,,,,,
08/09/90,,,9,7.4,110,21.622,0.0979,0.1314,13,,
08/09/90,,,9.83,7.9,320,38.876,0.2827,0.4233,18.4,,
08/09/90,,,9.83,7.9,161,35.294,0.0989,0.1996,16.2,,
08/09/90,,,8.99,7.85,117,35.8,0.2893,0.3287,12.5,,
08/09/90,,,8.99,7.85,187,33.837,0.2818,0.3234,14.5,,
08/09/90,,,,,141,25.707,0.1298,0.1672,,,
08/09/90,,,,,138,38.274,0.0838,0.1178,,,
08/09/90,,,,,130,36.901,0.0834,0.1727,,,
08/09/90,,,,,,38.137,0.1286,0.2306,,,
08/09/90,,,,,,33.278,0.1191,0.1548,,,
08/09/90,,,,,,,0.1276,0.1943,,,
08/09/90,,,,,,,,,,,
08/20/90,,,6.17,6.17,140,37.536,0.0656,0.0518,15,,
08/20/90,,,6.9,6.36,144,26.46,0.0952,0.0833,15.5,,
08/20/90,,,8.24,7.81,125,35.556,0.0725,0.0855,16.7,,
08/20/90,,,8.24,7.81,222,29.421,0.0926,0.0884,12,,
08/20/90,,,6.8,6.65,182,29.831,0.0698,0.1005,17.2,,
08/20/90,,,,,155,36.825,0.1101,0.1702,,,
08/20/90,,,,,173,28.654,0.0423,0.1154,,,
08/20/90,,,,,133,35.106,0.1226,0.1339,,,
08/20/90,,,,,168,26.428,0.0439,0.0735,,,
08/20/90,,,,,75,26.471,0.0418,0.0584,,,
08/20/90,,,,,,,0.0567,0.0783,,,
08/20/90,,,,,,,0.095,0.1304,,,
09/15/90,2.913,1.802,,,198,26.55,0.1795,0.1823,7.9,,
09/15/90,2.345,1.864,,,324,28.595,0.2525,0.1982,7.6,,
09/15/90,2.03,1.193,,,209,33.578,0.1216,0.077,9.7,,
09/15/90,2.952,1.91,,,161,30.891,0.1216,0.0816,9.3,,
09/15/90,2.542,1.726,,,134,25.09,0.1268,0.1192,13.4,,
09/15/90,1.555,1.54,,,,38.242,0.1773,0.1209,,,
09/15/90,2.414,1.398,,,,28.431,0.1693,0.1427,,,
09/15/90,3.191,1.587,,,,34.076,0.2021,0.1086,,,
09/15/90,2.934,1.801,,,,27.83,0.1647,0.0562,,,
09/15/90,2.909,1.86,,,,25.775,0.1135,0.0987,,,
09/15/90,3.089,0.535,,,,,0.125,0.0947,,,
09/15/90,2.748,2.016,,,,,0.0809,0.087,,,
06/26/91,,,5.2,0,,58.921,0.058,0.068,,,7.1905e-05
06/26/91,,,5.2,0,,67.064,0.082,0.066,,,0.00030138
06/26/91,,,0,0,,91.718,0.037,0.048,,,0.00039452
06/26/91,,,0,-0.5,,106.59,0.027,0.02,,,0.00054324
06/26/91,,,0,-1,,,0.025,0.036,,,
06/26/91,,,,,,,0.047,0.024,,,
06/26/91,,,,,,,0.035,0.016,,,
07/02/91,,,9.92,8.2,25,67.736,0.08,0.07,,,0.0011888
07/02/91,,,8.5,7.2,50,41.17,0.1,0.08,,,0.00055447
07/02/91,,,8.4,5.9,30,,0.17,0.13,,,2.8059e-05
07/02/91,,,8.4,7.5,25,,0.07,0.1,,,4.6663e-05
07/02/91,,,8.4,7.5,30,43.849,0.14,0.085,,,0.00029261
07/02/91,,,,,30,,0.08,0.08,,,
07/08/91,,,7,6,71,54.286,0.075,0.08,,0.0075166,0.0026351
07/08/91,,,7,6,156,55.473,0.115,0.11,,0.0052642,0.0029102
07/08/91,,,6.5,6.5,101,55.917,0.165,0.115,,0.0047374,0.0026763
07/08/91,,,6.5,6.5,60,57.048,0.1,0.19,,0.0049919,0.0037873
07/08/91,,,6.5,6,68,56.334,0.05,0.1,,0.0052172,0.0038586
07/08/91,,,,,58,,0.04,0.07,,,
07/26/91,,,8.7,6.1,322,41.901,0.11,0.19,,0.0075166,0.00067509
07/26/91,,,8.7,6.1,260,44.059,0.1,0.12,,0.0052642,0.00099791
07/26/91,,,8.7,6.1,310,42.897,0.09,0.13,,0.0047374,0.0010256
07/26/91,,,9.7,6.9,359,35.286,0.2,0.34,,0.0049919,0.00020062
07/26/91,,,9.7,6.9,257,39.044,0.11,0.16,,0.0052172,0.00010247
07/26/91,,,,,356,,0.1,0.15,,,
08/08/91,,,12,8,312,33.459,0.13,0.25,,0.0037358,0.00034228
08/08/91,,,12,8,329,33.234,0.16,0.19,,0.0037022,0.00047534
08/08/91,,,12,8,238,34.253,0.1,0.13,,0.003568,0.00038339
08/08/91,,,10,8,272,29.329,0.09,0.18,,0.002377,0.00019599
08/08/91,,,10,8,275,30.849,0.18,0.22,,0.0021099,0.00025019
08/08/91,,,,,340,,0,0.21,,,
08/26/91,,,12.5,10.001,222,35.753,0.12,0.15,,0.0019519,
08/26/91,,,12.5,10,194,31.796,0.07,0.12,,0.0037606,
08/26/91,,,13,10,254,31.767,0.12,0.18,,0.0092048,
08/26/91,,,13,10,156,30,0.13,0.12,,0.0061557,
08/26/91,,,13.5,9.5,157,24.927,0.15,0.33,,0.0037207,
08/26/91,,,,,93,,0.16,0.33,,,
09/17/91,,,5,2.5,165,36.285,0.13,0.1,,0.0053277,0.0025692
09/17/91,,,5,2.5,164,36.116,0.17,0.13,,0.0006769,0.0023763
09/17/91,,,3,1.5,168,34.224,0.11,0.1,,0.0018634,0.0019464
09/17/91,,,3,1.5,174,37.094,0.11,0.06,,0.0015167,0.0021550
09/17/91,,,5,1.5,141,41.124,0.16,0.11,,0.0025711,0.0041487
09/17/91,,,,,118,,0.12,0.12,,,
10/03/91,,,3.5,2.5,,,0.13,0.13,,0.001997,0.0018728
10/03/91,,,3.5,2.5,,,0.09,0.12,,0.0020335,0.0018345
10/03/91,,,3.5,2.5,,,0.21,0.15,,0.0014463,0.0018509
10/03/91,,,3.5,2.5,,,0.12,0.09,,0.0012908,0.0018835
10/03/91,,,3.5,2.5,,,0.11,0.08,,0.0014839,0.0010424
10/03/91,,,,,,,0.13,0.07,,,