\log
The documentation section of this file was created in the fall of 1998
using saddfert.ts as a template. Data were appended and the file was
put under SCCS on 10 November 1998.[MAH 10 November 1998] URL locations
for related data were updated on 27 September 2000.[MAH 27 September 2000]
Plot locations in comment section were updated with the new tag numbers
for post 2002 data collection.[TMA 01 August 2003]
\doc
TITLE. Saddle long-term nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment: Species
composition and biomass summary data.
ABSTRACT. Bowman et al. (1993) have demonstrated that alpine tundra is
sensitive to nitrogen and phosphorus additions. Changes in productivity
and species composition (belatedly) follow chronic fertilization. Exactly
how this response is mediated by changes in precipitation is unknown but
can be addressed using the snowfence experiment. Moreover, replication of
the experiment will allow for additional sampling of biotic and abiotic
components and processes not possible with the size of the Bowman plots.
In 1993, 64 2X2m plots were placed in dry and mesic sites both within and
outside of the snowfence area, so that 4 replicates of each treatment
(nitrogen addition, phosphorus addition, nitrogen and phosphorus addition,
and control) could be established in each meadow type with and without
snowpack augmentation. 16 additional plots were established on a wet meadow
site, but since a corresponding type site did not exist in the snowfence area,
there was no snowpack manipulation for the wet meadow plots. Aboveground biomass
samples were taken, and species present in the northwest corner of each plot were
identified periodically.
INVESTIGATOR. Tim Seastedt, INSTAAR, CB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder,
CO, (303) 492-3302 or (303) 492-0434, tims@culter.colorado.edu.
VARIABLES. species presence, forb aboveground biomass, grass aboveground
biomass, total aboveground biomass.
KEYWORDS. species composition, species diversity, fertilization, aboveground biomass, plant production, plant species composition, disturbance.
LOCATION. The study plots were located on the Niwot Ridge Saddle, within or
adjacent to the Snowfence experiment.
TIMING. beginning 1993, ongoing.
CITATIONS. [1]Bowman, W.D., T.A. Theodose, J.C. Schardt, and R.T. Conant.
1993. Constraints of nutrient availability on primary production in two
alpine tundra communities. Ecology 74: 2085-2097.
COMMENTS. These data were manually entered using an EasyEntry form and
then processed on culter, the NWT LTER workstation. Additional detail
regarding the protocols can be found in "The Management of NWT LTER Data
on the PC" and "The Management of NWT LTER Data on culter".
Fertilizations were applied in early summer at the beginning of the growing
season.
In 1993 the Nitrogen fertilizer used was 25% ammonium nitrate, 75% ammonium
sulfate, put on at rate of 20 g N per square meter. Enough fertilizer was
bagged so that a 0.1 m buffer strip would be fertilized around each of the
plots. For the phosphorus fertilization, 112 g of 18% superphosphate was
bagged, providing 2 g P per square meter.
In 1994 and thereafter, the nitrogen fertilizer used was 100% ammonium sulfate.
The plots were not fertilized in 1995 due to the unusual growth year and
inability to treat the plots before freeze-up.
Fertilization was resumed in 1996, using the same treatments as in 1994.
In 1997, fertilizations of only 10 g N per square meter, and 1 g P per square
meter were applied.
The fertilization treatments in 1998 were the same as 1997.
Snowfence sites were established on 17 August 1993, and fertilized at that
time. Treatments are listed as NN (nitrogen), PP (phosphorus), NP (nitrogen
and phosphorus) and CC (control). Locations are indicated as XX, YY-YY, where
XX is the distance in meters from the snowfence in an easterly direction and
YY-YY is the minimum and maximum distance in meters from the southern terminus
of the snowfence in a northerly direction. Numbers in parentheses indicate plot
codes, designated by tags placed in SW corners of the plots.
Treatment Dry sites Mesic sites
NN 40, 8-10 (864) 10, 33-35 (419)
PP 10, 25-27 (400) 10, 43.5-45.5 (418)
NP 25, 17-19 (868) 15, 51-53 (871)
NN 25, 33-34 (415) 5, 38-40 (875)
PP 25, 40-41 (414) 5, 35-37 (420)
NP 45, 7.5-8.5 (866) 5, 29.5-31.5 (877)
NN 45, 17-19 (413) 10, 14-16 (884)
NP 45, 27-29 (869) 10, 45.5-47.5 (873)
PP 45, 50-52 (412) 10, 53-55 (872)
NN 20, 31-32 (417) 15, 28-30 (880)
PP 20, 46.5-48.5 (416) 20, 21-23 (881)
NP 30, 19-20 (894) 25, 9-10 (886)
CC 40, 19-21 (891) 5, 21-23 (885)
CC 25, 11-13 (888) 15, 16-18 (883)
CC 30, 11-13 (889) 15, 22-23 (882)
CC 30, 15-17 (890) 38, 11-13 (887)
Non-Snowfence Dry and Mesic experimental sites were established on 26
August 1993, and fertilized at that time (with the exception of 397 which
was established in the summer of 1997). The control plots were established
in the summer of 1996 (with the exception of 870 which was established in
the summer of 1997). Treatments are listed as NN (nitrogen), PP (phosphorus),
NP (nitrogen and phosphorus) and CC (control). Locations are indicated as XX,
YY-YY, where XX is the distance in meters from the snowfence in an easterly
direction and YY-YY is the minimum and maximum distance in meters from the
southern terminus of the snowfence in a northerly direction. Numbers in
parentheses indicate plot codes, designated by tags placed in SW corners
of the plots. [Plot codes with a + next to them are new plot codes as of
2002-the old tags were eaten].
Treatment Dry sites Mesic sites
NN 73, 54-56 (292,486+) 5, 72-74 (294)
NN 73, 45-47 (409,489+) 10, 73-75 (295)
NN 67, 50-52 (262,488+) 32, 64-66 (264)
NN 80, 29-31 (099,493+) 15, 84-86 (279)
NP 78, 18-20 (261,498+) 8, 70-72 (281)
NP 67, 53-55 (408,487+) 10, 65-67 (403)
NP 75, 30-32 (410,492+) 10, 78-80 (293)
NP 75 18-19 (290,495+) 0, 76-78 (298)
PP 75, 33-35 (287,491+) 0, 73-75 (283)
PP 75, 16-18 (411,496+) 17, 69-71 (406)
PP 77, 2-4 (289,500+) 15, 73-75 (280)
PP 80, 26-28 (296,485+) 0, 65-67 (397)
CC 77, 25-27 (709,494+) 8,64-66 (268)
CC 70, 44-42 (710,490+) 10, 82-84 (267)
CC 78, 15-18 (711,499+) 15, 82-84 (266)
CC 72, 16-18 (712,497+) 0, 89-91 (870)
Wet Meadow plots were established on 26 August 1993 as a 4x4 square of
2x2 m plots with a 1 meter buffer strip between plots, and were fertilized
at that time. The plots are located northwest of the snowfence, across a
shrub field, on mesic/moist snowfield meadow. Treatments are listed as NN
(nitrogen), PP (phosphorus), NP (nitrogen and phosphorus) and CC (control).
The plots (designated by codes on the tags placed in SW corners of the plots)
listed from the southwest to the northeast corner of the square are 395(CC),
269(NN), 270(PP), 393(NP), 275(PP), 274(NP), 394 (CC), 392(NP), 277(PP),
297(NN), 276(PP), 389(CC), 278(NN), 396(CC), 299(NN), 272(NP).
The location codes in the data section of this file are ND (non snowfence
dry), NM (non snowfence mesic), WT (non snowfence wet, i.e., wet meadow),
SD (snowfence dry), SM (snowfence mesic). The treatment codes and plot codes
in the data section of this file are the same as listed above.
Only species that were present in a 1x1 meter subplot in the northwest corner
of each plot were recorded for the species composition measurement for that plot.
Aboveground biomass measurements were taken by clip harvesting a 20x20 cm subplot
within each plot.
In 1996, single replicates for the aboveground biomass measurements were taken
from the eastern edge of each plot on 13 August 1996. These samples were not
separated by grass and forb prior to weighing.
In 1997, 2 replicates for the aboveground biomass measurements were taken from
the north east corner of each plot, and each replicate was separated by grass and
forb prior to weighing.
The control plot designated as XX1 for 1996 was subsequently replaced by plot
870 in 1997, and the phosphorus plot designated as XX2 for 1996 was subsequently
replaced by plot 379 in 1997. Plot XX1 was located 17 meters east of the snowfence,
with a minimum distance of 84 meters and a maximum distance of 86 meters from
the southern terminus of the snowfence in a northerly direction. Plot XX2 was
located 15 meters east of the snowfence, with a minimum distance of 77 meters and
a maximum distance of 79 meters from the southern terminus of the snowfence in a
northerly direction.
Raw species data for these plots can be found in
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?saddfert.ts
Other nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment data can be found in
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?fertcovr.tt
http://culter.colorado.edu:1030/exec/.extracttoolA?snfcsnow.dw
\type
statistical
\header
COL1. label=year, type=integer, units=none, missing value indicator=,
minimum=1996, maximum=, precision=1
COL2. label=location code, type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL3. label=treatment code, type=string, units=none, missing value
indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL4. label=plot code, type=string, units=none, missing value indicator=,
minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL5. label=number of species present, type=integer, units=none, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=1
COL6. label=grass weight replicate 1, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL7. label=forb weight replicate 1, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL8. label=total weight replicate 1, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL9. label=grass weight replicate 2, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL10. label=forb weight replicate 2, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
COL11. label=total weight replicate 2, type=real, units=grams, missing
value indicator=, minimum=, maximum=, precision=
{*********************************************************************
If the data section below contains no data then you will need to
obtain permission from the investigator listed in the documentation
section of this file. If you have obtained permission or if the data
are already contained in this file, include the following
acknowledgment (in addition to an acknowledgment of the investigator)
in any published use of these data: "Logistical support
and/or data were provided by the Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological
Research project (NSF DEB 0423662) and the Mountain Research Station
(BIR 9115097)." Please send 4 reprints or high-quality copies of any
such publications to Todd Ackerman, NWT LTER data manager,
INSTAAR, CB 450, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0450.
The data contained in these files have many sources. Generally,
data collected prior to 1993 would have been subjected to quality
control standards imposed by the investigator. Data after 1992
were likely to have been manually entered and/or processed in the
NWT LTER central data management laboratory. Detailed information
on the quality control protocols and programs associated with any
data routed through the NWT LTER data management laboratory will
be supplied upon request. The user of these data should be aware
that, while efforts have been taken to ensure that these data are
of the highest quality, there is no guarantee of perfection for
the data contained herein and the possibility of errors exists.
If you encounter questionable data, please contact the NWT LTER
data manager (todda@culter.colorado.edu; (303) 492-4771) so that
the data can be corrected or qualified. Thus, these data should
be considered dynamic in that past data may be modified and future
data will be appended.
******************************************************************}
\data
1996,ND,NN,292,11,,,08.16,,,
1996,ND,NN,409,15,,,09.95,,,
1996,ND,NN,262,15,,,09.16,,,
1996,ND,NN,099,16,,,08.94,,,
1996,ND,PP,287,20,,,04.76,,,
1996,ND,PP,411,26,,,08.43,,,
1996,ND,PP,289,24,,,12.23,,,
1996,ND,PP,407,19,,,04.79,,,
1996,ND,NP,261,23,,,10.25,,,
1996,ND,NP,408,12,,,20.86,,,
1996,ND,NP,410,16,,,12.90,,,
1996,ND,NP,290,18,,,15.54,,,
1996,ND,CC,711,23,,,12.10,,,
1996,ND,CC,712,21,,,08.31,,,
1996,ND,CC,709,25,,,07.97,,,
1996,ND,CC,710,21,,,03.24,,,
1996,NM,NN,294,12,,,19.56,,,
1996,NM,NN,295,12,,,20.80,,,
1996,NM,NN,264,8,,,04.75,,,
1996,NM,PP,283,11,,,10.60,,,
1996,NM,PP,406,10,,,11.15,,,
1996,NM,PP,280,9,,,08.72,,,
1996,NM,NN,279,13,,,17.83,,,
1996,NM,NP,281,12,,,21.30,,,
1996,NM,NP,403,10,,,17.79,,,
1996,NM,NP,293,11,,,17.29,,,
1996,NM,NP,298,9,,,28.47,,,
1996,NM,CC,268,10,,,05.17,,,
1996,NM,CC,267,11,,,10.26,,,
1996,NM,CC,266,12,,,09.51,,,
1996,NM,PP,XX2,9,,,08.07,,,
1996,NM,CC,XX1,10,,,07.35,,,
1996,WT,CC,395,7,,,02.9,,,
1996,WT,NN,269,7,,,03.8,,,
1996,WT,PP,270,7,,,07.5,,,
1996,WT,NP,393,6,,,14.5,,,
1996,WT,PP,275,8,,,03.2,,,
1996,WT,NP,274,5,,,04.9,,,
1996,WT,CC,394,4,,,07.7,,,
1996,WT,NP,392,7,,,11.9,,,
1996,WT,PP,277,6,,,07.7,,,
1996,WT,NN,297,6,,,07.8,,,
1996,WT,PP,276,5,,,06.2,,,
1996,WT,CC,389,8,,,03.6,,,
1996,WT,NN,278,8,,,11.8,,,
1996,WT,CC,396,6,,,05.0,,,
1996,WT,NN,299,7,,,07.7,,,
1996,WT,NP,272,6,,,10.8,,,
1996,SD,PP,412,10,,,01.10,,,
1996,SD,NP,869,14,,,05.69,,,
1996,SD,NN,413,11,,,01.53,,,
1996,SD,NP,866,11,,,14.82,,,
1996,SD,NN,864,11,,,04.26,,,
1996,SD,NP,894,12,,,08.06,,,
1996,SD,PP,414,11,,,04.09,,,
1996,SD,NN,415,7,,,10.62,,,
1996,SD,NP,868,10,,,14.55,,,
1996,SD,PP,416,7,,,09.94,,,
1996,SD,NN,417,8,,,09.72,,,
1996,SD,PP,400,9,,,09.99,,,
1996,SD,CC,891,10,,,00.77,,,
1996,SD,CC,888,7,,,06.37,,,
1996,SD,CC,889,7,,,05.34,,,
1996,SD,CC,890,7,,,04.91,,,
1996,SM,NN,880,7,,,08.13,,,
1996,SM,NN,884,5,,,05.34,,,
1996,SM,NN,875,8,,,12.90,,,
1996,SM,NN,419,7,,,12.69,,,
1996,SM,PP,418,7,,,08.06,,,
1996,SM,PP,420,8,,,07.76,,,
1996,SM,PP,872,8,,,08.08,,,
1996,SM,PP,881,6,,,06.89,,,
1996,SM,NP,871,11,,,10.99,,,
1996,SM,NP,877,5,,,11.65,,,
1996,SM,NP,873,6,,,09.30,,,
1996,SM,NP,886,6,,,09.34,,,
1996,SM,CC,885,5,,,08.39,,,
1996,SM,CC,883,6,,,07.16,,,
1996,SM,CC,882,6,,,06.53,,,
1996,SM,CC,887,6,,,06.24,,,
1997,SD,NN,864,16,0.31,7.31,7.62,0,6.22,6.22
1997,SM,NN,419,12,,,,,,
1997,SD,PP,400,18,3.73,8.35,12.08,0.52,12.24,12.76
1997,SM,PP,418,12,3.40,12.32,15.72,0.16,11.36,11.52
1997,SD,NP,868,19,13.25,8.83,22.08,3.20,16.55,19.75
1997,SM,NP,871,9,12.19,10.31,22.5,2.56,11.94,14.5
1997,SD,NN,415,16,4.01,6.01,10.02,4.61,2.20,6.81
1997,SM,NN,875,10,1.14,3.92,5.06,2.88,5.20,8.08
1997,SD,PP,414,18,3.51,10.24,13.75,0.84,7.85,8.69
1997,SM,PP,420,10,8.58,14.90,23.48,0.80,8.22,9.02
1997,SD,NP,866,15,0.42,16.27,16.69,0.09,8.04,8.13
1997,SM,NP,877,12,1.91,6.03,7.94,3.08,1.26,4.34
1997,SD,NN,413,18,0,3.87,3.87,0,3.09,3.09
1997,SM,NN,884,11,6.22,7.10,13.32,4.58,4.00,8.58
1997,SD,NP,869,17,3.89,2.96,6.85,10.38,9.21,19.59
1997,SM,NP,873,10,13.29,9.28,22.57,2.39,11.47,13.86
1997,SD,PP,412,20,3.26,2.09,5.35,0.02,3.83,3.85
1997,SM,PP,872,9,2.66,4.97,7.63,0.60,11.67,12.27
1997,SD,NN,417,13,4.54,2.63,7.17,9.83,8.31,18.14
1997,SM,NN,880,9,7.64,2.71,10.35,5.65,7.71,13.36
1997,SD,PP,416,18,4.62,9.39,14.01,1.66,8.79,10.45
1997,SM,PP,881,17,0.66,7.96,8.62,0.63,10.88,11.51
1997,SD,NP,894,17,0,15.85,15.85,1.81,17.84,19.65
1997,SM,NP,886,10,3.53,10.14,13.67,1.95,4.56,6.51
1997,SD,CC,891,20,0,8.61,8.61,2.50,6.30,8.8
1997,SM,CC,885,12,2.13,11.85,13.98,0.32,7.96,8.28
1997,SD,CC,888,28,0.47,4.18,4.65,0.65,4.48,5.13
1997,SM,CC,883,12,0.36,8.23,8.59,0.29,4.95,5.24
1997,SD,CC,889,18,9.07,6.30,15.37,1.75,3.16,4.91
1997,SM,CC,882,11,0.43,9.24,9.67,0.48,7.13,7.61
1997,SD,CC,890,20,0.61,2.81,3.42,1.57,7.59,9.16
1997,SM,CC,887,12,0.10,8.77,8.87,11.90,,11.9
1997,ND,NN,292,20,2.59,7.43,10.02,3.29,3.30,6.59
1997,NM,NN,294,15,1.20,7.44,8.64,0.88,14.26,15.14
1997,ND,NN,409,20,3.62,8.33,11.95,8.78,2.50,11.28
1997,NM,NN,295,12,4.85,13.96,18.81,1.96,8.78,10.74
1997,ND,NN,262,16,4.74,6.20,10.94,8.03,4.54,12.57
1997,NM,NN,264,10,1.50,9.21,10.71,0.04,9.16,9.2
1997,ND,NN,099,18,3.75,2.32,6.07,3.62,0.69,4.31
1997,NM,NN,279,12,5.06,5.29,10.35,2.07,4.92,6.99
1997,NM,PP,397,18,2.66,14.70,17.36,5.45,15.78,21.23
1997,ND,CC,709,26,3.39,1.65,5.04,5.72,1.62,7.34
1997,NM,CC,268,13,0.25,8.41,8.66,2.52,3.60,6.12
1997,ND,CC,710,23,4.75,2.55,7.3,3.70,5.53,9.23
1997,NM,CC,267,15,4.00,6.76,10.76,0.71,3.00,3.71
1997,ND,CC,711,23,1.79,9.46,11.25,5.63,5.96,11.59
1997,NM,CC,266,17,3.87,11.51,15.38,2.21,13.60,15.81
1997,ND,CC,712,15,3.91,1.31,5.22,6.30,4.08,10.38
1997,NM,CC,870,17,11.28,0.03,11.31,4.87,3.85,8.72
1997,WT,CC,395,9,0.14,9.12,9.26,0.19,12.57,12.76
1997,WT,NN,269,6,0.30,1.91,2.21,2.01,4.20,6.21
1997,WT,PP,270,10,5.55,13.10,18.65,3.05,6.73,9.78
1997,WT,NP,393,10,7.80,2.29,10.09,5.63,3.37,9
1997,WT,PP,275,10,0.14,5.36,5.5,0.22,7.92,8.14
1997,WT,NP,274,8,13.89,1.63,15.52,10.59,0.53,11.12
1997,WT,CC,394,8,0.20,6.21,6.41,0.01,5.18,5.19
1997,WT,NP,392,5,7.67,4.20,11.87,8.24,3.58,11.82
1997,WT,PP,277,9,4.66,4.48,9.14,1.65,10.73,12.38
1997,WT,NN,297,10,12.19,0.99,13.18,9.68,1.34,11.02
1997,WT,PP,276,7,16.11,4.09,20.2,8.07,5.12,13.19
1997,WT,CC,389,9,1.17,2.61,3.78,2.12,10.36,12.48
1997,WT,NN,278,6,15.12,7.04,22.16,5.51,7.73,13.24
1997,WT,CC,396,8,4.10,6.11,10.21,6.75,14.84,21.59
1997,WT,NN,299,9,16.86,8.63,25.49,9.50,8.86,18.36
1997,WT,NP,272,8,14.02,0.57,14.59,5.30,0.20,5.5
1997,NM,PP,283,13,2.98,7.14,10.12,0.46,8.12,8.58
1997,NM,NP,281,12,2.02,10.24,12.26,23.79,1.03,24.82
1997,NM,NP,403,9,3.81,4.99,8.8,3.06,5.39,8.45
1997,NM,PP,280,17,0.64,12.36,13,0.61,17.54,18.15
1997,NM,NP,298,11,18.40,15.59,33.99,5.31,12.76,18.07
1997,ND,NP,261,21,16.82,3.96,20.78,9.79,5.62,15.41
1997,NM,PP,406,13,3.34,12.35,15.69,3.51,10.95,14.46
1997,NM,NP,293,11,27.64,9.76,37.4,3.97,9.24,13.21
1997,ND,NP,408,12,8.64,4.92,13.56,9.57,2.28,11.85
1997,ND,PP,287,21,4.28,10.53,14.81,3.91,7.69,11.6
1997,ND,PP,411,21,3.01,3.07,6.08,3.44,4.88,8.32
1997,ND,PP,289,25,0.84,6.25,7.09,5.27,8.59,13.86
1997,ND,PP,407,27,4.92,0.57,5.49,3.55,0.83,4.38
1997,ND,NP,290,22,0.87,8.32,9.19,1.39,9.01,10.4
1997,ND,NP,410,20,11.08,4.86,15.94,9.20,15.04,24.24